Soil Pollution — Prelims Questions

Which of the following statements regarding soil pollution and its impacts is/are correct? 1. Heavy metals like lead and cadmium are primarily organic pollutants. 2. Phytoremediation uses microorganisms to degrade contaminants in soil. 3. Soil pollution can lead to bioaccumulation in the food chain. 4. The 'Polluter Pays Principle' holds the polluter liable for environmental damage.

Consider the following sources of soil pollution: 1. Untreated industrial effluents 2. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers 3. Informal e-waste recycling 4. Stubble burning Which of the above are major anthropogenic sources of soil pollution in India?

With reference to soil remediation techniques, consider the following pairs: 1. Bioremediation: Use of plants to absorb pollutants 2. Phytostabilization: Immobilization of contaminants in soil by plants 3. Soil Washing: Use of strong oxidants to degrade organic pollutants Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has played a significant role in addressing soil pollution in India. Which of the following statements best describes its contribution? 1. It has the power to impose environmental compensation on polluters. 2. It primarily focuses on air and water pollution, with limited jurisdiction over soil. 3. It can direct government agencies to implement remediation plans for contaminated sites. 4. Its judgments are advisory and not legally binding on state governments.

Which of the following international conventions directly or indirectly address soil pollution by regulating hazardous substances?