Directive Principles — Prelims Questions

Which of the following constitutional provisions were added by the same amendment that introduced Article 48A?

In the context of environmental protection, which principle was first established by the Supreme Court in the Vellore Citizens case?

Consider the following statements about environmental Directive Principles: 1. They can be amended by simple parliamentary majority 2. Courts can strike down laws that violate environmental DPSPs 3. They provide constitutional legitimacy to environmental legislation 4. They are enforceable through Article 32 writs. Which statements are correct?

Which case first established that statutory authorities cannot escape environmental obligations by pleading financial constraints?

Under which Schedule of the Constitution do Panchayats have environmental protection functions?