Paris Agreement — Prelims Questions

Which of the following statements about the Paris Agreement is/are correct? 1. It is a legally binding international treaty adopted under the UNFCCC. 2. All signatory countries are required to submit Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). 3. The specific targets outlined in NDCs are legally binding for each country. 4. The 'ratchet mechanism' ensures that NDCs are updated every ten years with increased ambition.

With reference to India's updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) submitted in 2022, consider the following statements: 1. India committed to reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 45 percent by 2030 from 2005 level. 2. India committed to achieve about 50 percent cumulative electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel-based energy resources by 2030. 3. India committed to create an additional carbon sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tonnes of CO2 equivalent by 2030 through additional forest and tree cover.

Which of the following mechanisms is/are associated with Article 6 of the Paris Agreement? 1. Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes (ITMOs) 2. Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) 3. Sustainable Development Mechanism (SDM) 4. Global Stocktake

Consider the following statements regarding the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) under the Paris Agreement: 1. It requires all Parties, both developed and developing, to report on their emissions and progress towards NDCs. 2. It allows for flexibility in reporting for developing countries that need it. 3. It replaces the differentiated reporting requirements that existed under the UNFCCC.

Which of the following constitutional provisions in India are directly relevant to the country's commitment and actions under the Paris Agreement? 1. Article 48A 2. Article 51A(g) 3. Article 21 4. Article 51