Environmental Treaties — Prelims Questions

Consider the following statements about the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol: 1. It aims to phase down hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) which are ozone-depleting substances. 2. India ratified the Kigali Amendment in 2021. 3. The amendment provides for different phase-down schedules for developed and developing countries. 4. HFCs are more potent greenhouse gases than carbon dioxide. Which of the statements given above are correct?

Which of the following best describes India's enhanced Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) submitted in 2022?

The principle of 'Common but Differentiated Responsibilities' (CBDR) in environmental treaties implies:

Consider the following pairs of environmental treaties and their primary focus: 1. Stockholm Convention - Persistent Organic Pollutants 2. Basel Convention - Transboundary movement of hazardous wastes 3. Rotterdam Convention - Prior informed consent for certain chemicals 4. Cartagena Protocol - Genetically modified organisms Which of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

The Green Climate Fund (GCF) was established under which environmental treaty framework?