Islamic Philosophy — Landmark Events

Landmark Events

Al-Ghazali's 'Tahafut al-Falasifa' (The Incoherence of the Philosophers)

c. 1095 CE

This seminal work critically challenged the rationalist philosophy of the Falasifa (like Ibn Sina and Al-Farabi), particularly their views on the eternity of the world, God's…

Ibn Arabi's 'Fusus al-Hikam' (The Bezels of Wisdom)

c. 1230 CE

Ibn Arabi's exposition of Wahdat al-Wujud (Unity of Being) profoundly influenced Sufi philosophy globally, including India. He posited that all existence is a manifestation of the…

Shah Waliullah's 'Hujjat Allah al-Baligha' (The Conclusive Argument from God)

c. 1738 CE

This magnum opus by Shah Waliullah of Delhi is a comprehensive philosophical and theological work that sought to revitalize Islamic thought in 18th-century India. It aimed to…

Sir Syed Ahmad Khan's 'Tafsir al-Quran' (Commentary on the Quran)

Late 19th Century

Sir Syed's philosophical approach to Quranic exegesis was revolutionary for his time. He argued for a rationalist interpretation of the Quran, asserting that there could be no…