Gini Coefficient Trends — Definition

Definition

Gini-coefficient trends describe changes in relative inequality within a clearly specified distribution over time. The distribution may concern consumption, income or wealth, and its unit, population and method must be identified before comparing values.

The coefficient is commonly expressed from zero to one, or multiplied by one hundred as an index; lower values indicate greater equality under that measure. A declining consumption Gini does not by itself establish falling wealth inequality, rising average living standards or a lower poverty headcount.

In India, HCES comparisons should retain their consumption-expenditure label, rural or urban scope and actual survey periods.