GM Crops and Biotechnology — Prelims Strategy

Prelims Strategy

For Prelims, a strong factual foundation is key. Begin by clearly understanding the definition of GM crops, the basic science behind genetic engineering, and the specific traits introduced (e.g., insect resistance, herbicide tolerance, biofortification).

Memorize the name of the only commercially approved GM crop in India (Bt cotton) and the apex regulatory body (GEAC), along with the primary legal framework (Environment Protection Act, 1986, and its 1989 Rules).

Focus on key concepts like gene flow, biosafety, and the Precautionary Principle. Be aware of important examples like Golden Rice and DMH-11 mustard, noting their status (under trial, moratorium, etc.).

Pay attention to the differences between the Green Revolution and Gene Revolution. Practice MCQs that test your knowledge of these facts and concepts, including 'NOT' questions and multiple-statement questions that require careful analysis of each statement.

Understand the constitutional articles (48A, 21) that indirectly influence GM crop policy. Vyyuha advises creating flashcards for specific GM crop examples, their traits, and their approval status in India.

Regularly update your knowledge with current affairs regarding new approvals, policy changes, or significant controversies, as these are frequently tested.