Pollution Tax and Subsidies — Mains Questions

Critically analyze the effectiveness of pollution taxes and environmental subsidies as market-based instruments for pollution control in India. Discuss the challenges in their implementation and suggest measures for improvement.

Examine the constitutional and legal framework for environmental fiscal instruments in India. How do issues of fiscal federalism impact the implementation of pollution taxes and subsidies?

The 'polluter pays principle' is a cornerstone of environmental governance. Discuss its application in India through pollution taxes and environmental compensation, highlighting its effectiveness and limitations.