Urbanization Economics — Prelims Questions

Which of the following statements correctly describes the 'Harris-Todaro Model' in the context of urbanization economics?

Which of the following are the key economic benefits associated with 'agglomeration economies' in urban areas? 1. Reduced traffic congestion 2. Knowledge spillovers and innovation 3. Access to specialized labor markets 4. Lower housing costs 5. Economies of scale in infrastructure provision Select the correct answer using the code given below:

Consider the following statements regarding the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992: 1. It mandates the constitution of District Planning Committees (DPCs) to consolidate plans prepared by Panchayats and Municipalities. 2. It empowers Municipalities to levy, collect, and appropriate taxes, duties, tolls, and fees. 3. The Twelfth Schedule, introduced by this Act, lists 29 subjects for which Municipalities are responsible. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Which of the following is NOT a primary driver of rural-to-urban migration in India?

Consider the following statements about 'Census Towns' in India: 1. They are statutory towns notified by the respective State Governments. 2. They meet specific demographic criteria for population size, density, and non-agricultural male working population. 3. Their growth often represents a form of 'unplanned urbanization'. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?