Environment & Ecology·Environmental Cases

Environmental Laws and Policies — Environmental Cases

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Version 1Updated 9 Mar 2026

Environmental Cases

Vellore Citizens' Welfare Forum v. Union of India

1996

This landmark judgment by the Supreme Court of India firmly established the 'Polluter Pays Principle' and the 'Precautionary Principle' as integral parts of environmental law in…

T.N. Godavarman Thirumulpad v. Union of India

1996 onwards

Often referred to as the 'Forests Case,' this ongoing series of judgments by the Supreme Court has profoundly impacted forest conservation and management in India. The Court gave…

M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (Oleum Gas Leak Case)

1986

This case, following the Oleum gas leak from a Shriram Foods & Fertiliser Industries plant in Delhi, led to the Supreme Court's pronouncement of the 'Absolute Liability'…

National Green Tribunal (NGT) orders on Solid Waste Management

Ongoing (e.g., 2018-2024)

The NGT has consistently taken a proactive stance on solid waste management, issuing numerous orders, particularly in O.A. No. 606/2018. It has held states and urban local bodies…

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