Sustainable Mining — Environmental Laws

Entry	Year	Description	Impact
Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2015	2015	This amendment introduced significant reforms, including auction-based allocation of mineral concessions, establishment of the District Mineral Foundation (DMF) for welfare of mining-affected areas, and the National Mineral Exploration Trust (NMET) for exploration.	Enhanced transparency in mineral allocation, ensured a share of mining revenue for local communities, and boosted mineral exploration. It laid a stronger foundation for social sustainability in mining by mandating community benefit sharing.
Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2021	2021	Further streamlined the auction process, allowed captive mines to sell up to 50% of their annual mineral production in the open market, and removed the distinction between captive and non-captive mines.	Aimed at increasing mineral production, improving ease of doing business, and generating more revenue. While primarily economic, it indirectly supports sustainability by promoting more efficient resource utilization and potentially attracting investment in advanced mining technologies.

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