Environment & Ecology·Environmental Laws
Clean Technology — Environmental Laws
Constitution VerifiedUPSC Verified
Version 1Updated 6 Mar 2026
| Entry | Year | Description | Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act | 1976 | Inserted Article 48A (Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wild life) and Article 51A(g) (Fundamental Duty to protect and improve the natural environment) into the Constitution. | Provided the foundational constitutional mandate for environmental protection, indirectly laying the groundwork for policies promoting clean technologies. These articles serve as the bedrock for environmental legislation and government initiatives. |
| Electricity (Amendment) Bill | 2022 (Proposed) | Aimed to further reform the power sector, including provisions for promoting renewable energy, strengthening grid stability, and facilitating open access for green energy. While not yet enacted, it reflects ongoing policy evolution. | If enacted, it would significantly boost the integration of clean energy sources into the grid, promote competition in renewable energy markets, and potentially accelerate the adoption of smart grid technologies and energy storage solutions, directly impacting clean technology deployment. |
| Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules | 2016 (and subsequent amendments) | Replaced earlier rules, focusing on waste minimization, recycling, recovery, co-processing, and safe disposal of hazardous and other wastes. Emphasizes Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR). | Drives industries to adopt cleaner production processes and waste-to-energy technologies to manage waste more sustainably, reducing environmental impact and promoting resource recovery, aligning with clean technology principles. |