Basel Convention — Environmental Laws

Entry	Year	Description	Impact
Decision III/1 (Ban Amendment)	1995	Prohibits the export of hazardous wastes for final disposal and recycling from Annex VII countries (primarily OECD, EU, Liechtenstein) to non-Annex VII countries (developing countries).	Aimed to prevent environmental injustice and 'toxic colonialism,' significantly altering the dynamics of global hazardous waste trade. Its entry into force in 2019 marked a major victory for environmental justice.
Decision BC-14/12 (Plastic Waste Amendments)	2019	Amended Annexes II, VIII, and IX to include most plastic wastes within the scope of the Convention, subjecting them to the Prior Informed Consent (PIC) procedure, with certain 'clean' plastic wastes on a 'green list'.	A landmark step to address the global plastic pollution crisis, significantly impacting the international trade in plastic waste and requiring stricter controls on its transboundary movement, particularly to developing countries.

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Climate data, pollution metrics, and treaty timelines are natural practice for CSAT data interpretation and careful reading. CSAT hub.

• Data interpretation
• Correlation vs causation
• Estimation techniques