Environment & Ecology·Environmental Laws

Waste Management Crisis — Environmental Laws

Constitution VerifiedUPSC Verified
Version 1Updated 9 Mar 2026
EntryYearDescriptionImpact
42nd Amendment Act1976Introduced Article 48A (Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wild life) as a Directive Principle of State Policy and Article 51A(g) (Fundamental Duty to protect and improve the natural environment) into the Constitution.Provided a constitutional mandate for environmental protection, guiding subsequent legislation and judicial interpretation, including those related to waste management. It shifted environmental concerns from a mere administrative matter to a constitutional imperative.
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