Formation of Attitudes — Ethical Framework

Ethical Framework

Organise the topic as learning routes, social settings and evidence.

Learning routes: Association links an issue with an existing feeling. Direct reinforcement involves consequences experienced by the person. Modelling involves observing others and the consequences of their conduct. Group norms communicate expected views or behaviour. Information and reflection can supply reasons that reinforce or revise an evaluation. Several routes can operate in the same encounter.

Social settings: NCERT Class XII Psychology, chapter 6, reprint 2026–27, discusses family and school, reference groups, personal experience and media. A setting is not itself a mechanism: a school can shape attitudes through explanation, example and rewards. Keep the place of learning separate from how learning occurs.

Administrative application: Repeated respectful service can provide a different experience from repeated humiliation. A supervisor's behaviour can contradict formal training. Incentives based only on file closure may encourage shortcuts even when the official message praises accuracy.

Evidence: A survey response describes an expressed evaluation; an observed action also reflects opportunity and constraints. Before proposing an awareness campaign, check whether people lack information, distrust the institution or cannot use the service.

Evaluation: Test whether the relevant belief or evaluation changed, whether action became feasible and whether the result persisted. Attendance at a workshop is an activity count. It is not proof of a stable attitude change or successful service use.