Public Expectations — Ethical Standards

Entry	Year	Description	Impact
73rd Amendment	1992	Institutionalized Panchayati Raj system, creating constitutional status for local self-government and establishing expectations for participatory democracy at grassroots level	Transformed public expectations from centralized governance to participatory local democracy, creating demands for citizen involvement in planning and implementation
74th Amendment	1992	Provided constitutional status to urban local bodies, establishing municipal governance framework and creating expectations for efficient urban service delivery	Created expectations for professional municipal administration, citizen participation in urban planning, and accountable local governance in cities