Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude·Landmark Cases

Philosophical Foundation — Landmark Cases

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Version 1Updated 5 Mar 2026

Landmark Cases

Vineet Narain v. Union of India

1998

This landmark judgment established the philosophical principle that public servants must maintain the highest standards of integrity and that corruption undermines the very…

S.R. Bommai v. Union of India

1994

While primarily about federalism, this case established important principles about the political neutrality of public servants and their obligation to serve the Constitution…

Union of India v. Tulsiram Patel

1985

This case established the principle that public servants have both rights and duties, and that their conduct must meet higher standards than private citizens because of their…

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