Ethical Dilemmas in Administration — Mains Questions

Ethical dilemmas in public administration are not merely a conflict between right and wrong, but often a choice between two competing 'rights'. Discuss with suitable examples, the various types of such dilemmas faced by a civil servant. Also, suggest a framework for resolving them.

Political pressure is an unavoidable reality for a civil servant. What are the ethical challenges that arise from the interface between the political executive and the permanent executive? How can a civil servant uphold the principle of political neutrality while ensuring a constructive working relationship?

You are the head of a district disaster management authority. A severe cyclone is predicted to hit the coast in 24 hours. Evacuation is necessary from low-lying areas, but a large section of the population, due to religious beliefs and mistrust of the government, is refusing to move. Using force might lead to a stampede and casualties, while not evacuating them could lead to massive loss of life in the cyclone. What are the ethical dilemmas involved in this situation? Outline your course of action, justifying each step.