Course and Participation — Key Changes

Entry	Year	Description	Impact
Calcutta Congress Resolution	September 1920	An extraordinary session where Gandhi's non-cooperation proposal was first debated and a preliminary program was approved, despite initial opposition from some senior leaders. It laid the groundwork for the full adoption of the NCM.	Signified Gandhi's growing influence and the Congress's willingness to adopt a more confrontational, mass-based strategy, moving beyond petitions and constitutional methods.
Nagpur Congress Resolution	December 1920	The annual session where the Non-Cooperation program was formally ratified and adopted by an overwhelming majority. It also saw a significant amendment to the Congress constitution, making it more democratic and accessible to the masses.	Provided the official mandate and structural framework for the NCM, transforming the Congress into a mass organization capable of leading a nationwide movement. It solidified the four-phase program.
Ahmedabad Congress Resolution	December 1921	Amidst government repression and mass arrests, this session reaffirmed the Congress's commitment to the NCM and authorized Mahatma Gandhi to initiate mass civil disobedience, including a no-tax campaign, when he deemed fit.	Demonstrated the Congress's resolve despite challenges and gave Gandhi the ultimate authority to escalate the movement, setting the stage for the planned Bardoli satyagraha.