Indian History·Revision Notes

Composition and Functions — Revision Notes

Updated 19 Oct 2026

⚡ 30-Second Revision

  • 1993 short title; Act 10 of 1994; deemed commencement 28 September 1993.
  • 2019 amendment: three-year term, age ceiling 70; three experts, at least one woman.
  • Section 12 functions;13 inquiry powers;18 recommendations;19 armed forces.
  • Deemed members:12(b)–(j); ordinary limitation:36(2).

2-Minute Revision

Map appointment, composition and function separately. The President appoints on the statutory committee's recommendation. Judicial qualifications differ across seats. Procedural powers support inquiry, while section 18 provides routes for recommendations and court involvement. A remedy's implementation must be checked independently of the recommendation. Preventive work matters as well as individual complaints.

5-Minute Revision

A hypothetical report says the NHRC “convicted an officer and awarded a criminal sentence” after examining a detention complaint. Rewrite it using the institution's actual functions: inquiry, findings and recommendations for appropriate action. State what additional evidence would be needed to report a prosecution, conviction or paid compensation. Then identify a systemic safeguard that could prevent similar complaints.

Vyyuha Quick Recall

C-A-F-R: Composition, Appointment, Functions, Response. Check these four parts before evaluating the Commission's effectiveness.