Industrial Pollution — Legal Reforms

Entry	Year	Description	Impact
Water Act Amendment	1988	Enhanced penalties for water pollution violations, introduced powers for immediate closure of polluting industries, and strengthened enforcement mechanisms for pollution control boards	Significantly improved deterrent effect of water pollution laws and enabled more effective regulatory action against violating industries
Air Act Amendment	1987	Increased penalties for air pollution violations, introduced provisions for automobile pollution control, and expanded the scope of air pollution control to include noise pollution	Broadened the regulatory framework to address emerging pollution sources and strengthened enforcement capabilities
EIA Notification Amendment	2020	Streamlined environmental clearance process, introduced risk-based classification of projects, and modified public consultation requirements for certain project categories	Attempted to balance environmental protection with ease of doing business, though criticized for potentially weakening environmental safeguards