Major Insurgent Groups — Current Affairs 2026
Current Affairs Connections
UNLF (Main Faction) Signs Peace Accord with Government of India
November 29, 2023In a significant development, the main faction of the United National Liberation Front (UNLF), one of Manipur's oldest and most formidable Meitei insurgent groups, signed a peace agreement with the Government of India and the Government of Manipur. This accord involves the UNLF agreeing to renounce violence, lay down arms, and join the mainstream political process. This event marks a major step towards peace in Manipur, especially in the wake of the ethnic violence that gripped the state in 2023. It demonstrates the government's continued push for negotiated settlements and rehabilitation policies, even with hardline groups. The agreement is expected to bring a large number of cadres into the fold, though challenges remain with splinter groups.
UPSC Angle: This event is crucial for Mains GS-III (Internal Security) as it exemplifies the 'peace process' dimension of counter-insurgency strategy. Questions could focus on the effectiveness of such accords, the challenges of rehabilitation, and the impact on the overall security situation in Manipur, particularly in the context of the recent ethnic strife. It also highlights the evolving nature of insurgent groups, with even long-standing ones opting for dialogue.
AFSPA Withdrawal from More Areas in Nagaland, Assam, and Manipur
April 1, 2024The Ministry of Home Affairs announced the further reduction of areas under the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) in Nagaland, Assam, and Manipur. This decision follows a gradual withdrawal process initiated in 2022, reflecting a significant improvement in the security situation across these states. The move is a direct response to long-standing demands from civil society organizations and state governments, aiming to reduce the military footprint and normalize governance. While some areas remain under AFSPA, the shrinking footprint signals a shift in the government's approach, emphasizing development and police-led law enforcement over military intervention.
UPSC Angle: This development is highly relevant for both Prelims and Mains. For Prelims, questions on the current status of AFSPA and the states where it is applicable are likely. For Mains GS-III, it opens avenues for questions on the efficacy of AFSPA, the debate surrounding its repeal, the impact of its withdrawal on security, and the government's evolving counter-insurgency strategy. It also connects to GS-II regarding federal relations and human rights issues in conflict zones.