Accuracy and Precision — Prelims Questions

A student measures the length of a rod using a vernier caliper and obtains the following readings: $10.12\,\text{cm}$, $10.13\,\text{cm}$, $10.11\,\text{cm}$, $10.12\,\text{cm}$. The actual length of the rod is known to be $10.50\,\text{cm}$. Based on these readings, what can be concluded about the student's measurements?

Which of the following statements best describes a measurement that is accurate but not precise?

A student uses a faulty balance that consistently reads $0.5\,\text{g}$ higher than the actual mass. If the student measures a $10.0\,\text{g}$ standard weight five times, obtaining readings of $10.5\,\text{g}$, $10.6\,\text{g}$, $10.4\,\text{g}$, $10.5\,\text{g}$, $10.6\,\text{g}$, what type of error is predominantly affecting the accuracy of the measurements?

An experiment requires measuring the diameter of a small sphere. Instrument A has a least count of $0.01\,\text{mm}$, while Instrument B has a least count of $0.1\,\text{mm}$. Which instrument will provide more precise measurements?

In a dart game, all darts land very close to each other in a tight cluster, but consistently hit the board far away from the bullseye. This scenario represents:

To improve the accuracy of an experiment, which of the following actions would be most effective?