Physical Geography — Landmark Judgments

Landmark Judgments

Wegener's Theory of Continental Drift

1912

Alfred Wegener's hypothesis proposed that continents were once joined in a single landmass (Pangaea) and have since drifted apart. This was a revolutionary idea that challenged…

Theory of Seafloor Spreading (Hess & Dietz)

1960s

Proposed by Harry Hess and Robert Dietz, this theory provided the crucial mechanism that Wegener's continental drift lacked. It posited that new oceanic crust is continuously…

Koppen Climate Classification System

1900 (initial), 1918 (revised)

Developed by Wladimir Köppen, this system is one of the most widely used climate classification schemes. It categorizes climates based on temperature and precipitation, and their…