Right against Exploitation — Landmark Judgments

Landmark Judgments

Bandhua Mukti Morcha v. Union of India

1984

This landmark judgment established the constitutional foundation for combating bonded labor in India. The Supreme Court held that bonded labor violates human dignity and…

People's Union for Democratic Rights v. Union of India

1982

This case expanded the interpretation of Article 23 to include situations where workers are paid wages below the minimum wage, treating such practices as forced labor. The Supreme…

M.C. Mehta v. State of Tamil Nadu

1996

This comprehensive judgment addressed child labor in the match industry and established detailed guidelines for child welfare. The Supreme Court directed the immediate withdrawal…

Sanjit Roy v. State of Rajasthan

1983

This case highlighted the State's positive obligation to prevent exploitation and established that the government cannot remain passive when constitutional rights are violated.…

Neerja Chaudhary v. State of Madhya Pradesh

1984

This case addressed the exploitation of women and children in brick kilns and established guidelines for their protection. The Supreme Court recognized that women and children are…

Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan

1997

While primarily known for sexual harassment guidelines, this case also established that workplace exploitation violates the right against exploitation. The Supreme Court…

Also build Paper II skills

Dense constitutional and IR passages mirror CSAT-style comprehension and argument evaluation—build those skills in parallel. CSAT hub.

• Valid & invalid arguments
• Syllogisms
• Critical reasoning