Electoral Reforms — Landmark Judgments

Landmark Judgments

People's Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) vs Union of India

2013

This landmark judgment introduced the NOTA (None of the Above) option in Indian elections, recognizing the voter's right to reject all candidates. The Supreme Court held that…

Lily Thomas vs Union of India

2013

The Supreme Court struck down Section 8(4) of the Representation of the People Act, 1951, which protected sitting MPs and MLAs from immediate disqualification upon conviction. The…

Association for Democratic Reforms (ADR) vs Union of India

2002

This judgment mandated disclosure of criminal, financial, and educational background of candidates contesting elections. The Supreme Court directed that voters have the right to…

Kanhiya Lal Heer vs Election Commission of India

2016

The Supreme Court upheld the use of EVMs and rejected demands for 100% VVPAT verification, stating that the current system ensures the secrecy and integrity of elections. The…

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Dense constitutional and IR passages mirror CSAT-style comprehension and argument evaluation—build those skills in parallel. CSAT hub.

• Valid & invalid arguments
• Syllogisms
• Critical reasoning