Indian Polity & Governance·Landmark Judgments

Service Delivery Models — Landmark Judgments

Updated 5 Mar 2026

Landmark Judgments

Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation

1985

The Supreme Court expanded the interpretation of Article 21 to include the right to livelihood, establishing that the state has an obligation to provide basic services and support…

Consumer Education and Research Centre v. Union of India

1995

This judgment established that the right to health is a fundamental right under Article 21, mandating the state to provide healthcare services. It recognized that effective…

Bandhua Mukti Morcha v. Union of India

1984

The Court emphasized the state's duty to ensure effective implementation of welfare schemes and service delivery to vulnerable populations. This judgment highlighted the…