Independent Regulatory Bodies — Amendments

Amendment	Year	Description	Impact
SEBI Act Amendment	2002	Enhanced SEBI's enforcement powers including search and seizure, increased penalty amounts, and strengthened investigation capabilities following market manipulation cases.	Significantly strengthened SEBI's regulatory teeth, enabling more effective enforcement against market violations and improving investor confidence in capital markets.
Competition Act Amendment	2007	Restructured CCI from a single-member body to a multi-member commission, separated adjudicatory and investigative functions, and refined merger control thresholds.	Improved institutional design of competition regulation, enhanced due process in competition cases, and aligned Indian competition law with international best practices.
TRAI Act Amendment	2000	Separated adjudicatory functions from TRAI to create Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal (TDSAT), addressing concerns about combining regulatory and judicial functions.	Enhanced due process in telecom regulation, reduced conflicts of interest, and improved appeal mechanisms for regulatory decisions affecting telecom operators and consumers.

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