Climate Change Adaptation — Landmark Judgments

Landmark Judgments

M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (Ganga Pollution Case)

1987

This landmark case established the principle of 'absolute liability' for industries engaged in hazardous activities, holding them responsible for environmental damage irrespective…

Vellore Citizens' Welfare Forum v. Union of India

1996

This judgment formally incorporated the 'Polluter Pays Principle' and the 'Precautionary Principle' into Indian environmental law, stating they are essential features of…

Satish Kumar v. Union of India (Climate Change Litigation Trend)

2023 (Illustrative of recent trends)

While not a single landmark case in the traditional sense, recent climate litigation in India, exemplified by cases like Satish Kumar (a hypothetical but representative case for…