India and SDGs — Amendments

Amendment	Year	Description	Impact
42nd Amendment	1976	Added Article 48A to the Constitution, making protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wildlife a constitutional duty of the state	Provided constitutional foundation for environmental protection measures that directly support multiple SDGs including SDG 13 (Climate Action), SDG 14 (Life Below Water), and SDG 15 (Life on Land)
86th Amendment	2002	Made education a fundamental right under Article 21A for children aged 6-14 years and added Article 51A(k) making it a fundamental duty of parents to provide education	Strengthened the legal framework for achieving SDG 4 (Quality Education) by making elementary education a justiciable right and creating corresponding duties