Central and State Lists — Amendments

Amendment	Year	Description	Impact
1st Amendment	1951	Added Article 15(4) enabling special provisions for socially and educationally backward classes, providing constitutional foundation for OBC reservations within the federal structure established by the Seventh Schedule.	Created constitutional basis for both central and state governments to provide OBC reservations within their respective jurisdictions, establishing the legal framework that continues to govern Central-State distribution of reservation powers.
102nd Amendment	2018	Granted constitutional status to the National Commission for Backward Classes (NCBC) by inserting Article 338B, strengthening central oversight of OBC policies while maintaining state autonomy in their respective jurisdictions.	Enhanced central government's role in OBC policy formulation and monitoring while creating new coordination mechanisms between NCBC and State Backward Classes Commissions, affecting the federal balance in reservation administration.
103rd Amendment	2019	Introduced Articles 15(6) and 16(6) providing for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) reservations, adding a new dimension to the Central-State distribution of reservation powers by creating uniform obligations across all levels of government.	Required both central and state governments to implement EWS reservations within their jurisdictions, creating new coordination challenges and adding complexity to the existing OBC reservation framework under the federal structure.