Pension Schemes — Mains Questions

Critically analyze the shift from Defined Benefit to Defined Contribution pension schemes in India, particularly for government employees. Discuss its implications for fiscal sustainability and social security.

The Atal Pension Yojana (APY) has been instrumental in extending social security to the unorganized sector. Discuss its key features, achievements, and the challenges in achieving universal pension coverage in India.

Examine the role of digitalization and portability in strengthening India's pension architecture. What are the associated benefits and remaining challenges?