Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling — Mains Questions

Explain the fundamental differences between energy flow and nutrient cycling in ecosystems. How do these differences influence ecosystem management and conservation strategies?

Analyze the role of decomposers in ecosystem functioning with special reference to nutrient cycling. How does climate change affect decomposition processes and what are the implications for ecosystem services?

Discuss the concept of limiting factors in ecosystem productivity. How do human activities alter these limiting factors and what are the consequences for biodiversity conservation?