Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude·Landmark Cases
Lessons from Lives of Great Leaders — Landmark Cases
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Version 1Updated 5 Mar 2026
Landmark Cases
Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
1973This landmark judgment established the basic structure doctrine, emphasizing that constitutional values and democratic principles cannot be altered. The judgment reflects the…
Vineet Narain v. Union of India (Hawala Case)
1998This case emphasized the importance of integrity and transparency in public life, establishing the Central Vigilance Commission and other oversight mechanisms. It demonstrates how…