Oceanography — Mains Questions

Analyze the multifaceted impacts of El Niño and La Niña phenomena on global climate patterns, with specific reference to the Indian monsoon. Discuss the challenges in predicting their precise effects.

Discuss the concept of 'Blue Economy' and critically evaluate India's initiatives towards harnessing its ocean resources sustainably. What are the associated challenges?

Examine the geopolitical significance of the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) for India. How do oceanographic features and maritime boundaries influence India's strategic interests?