Indian & World Geography·Key Cases & Reports
Physical Geography — Key Cases & Reports
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Version 1Updated 7 Mar 2026
Key Cases & Reports
Wegener's Theory of Continental Drift
1912Alfred Wegener's hypothesis proposed that continents were once joined in a single landmass (Pangaea) and have since drifted apart. This was a revolutionary idea that challenged…
Theory of Seafloor Spreading (Hess & Dietz)
1960sProposed by Harry Hess and Robert Dietz, this theory provided the crucial mechanism that Wegener's continental drift lacked. It posited that new oceanic crust is continuously…
Koppen Climate Classification System
1900 (initial), 1918 (revised)Developed by Wladimir Köppen, this system is one of the most widely used climate classification schemes. It categorizes climates based on temperature and precipitation, and their…