Air Pollution — Mains Questions

Critically analyze the effectiveness of India's legal and policy framework in controlling air pollution, with specific reference to the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, and the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP). Suggest reforms for better implementation.

Air pollution is not merely an environmental problem but a complex issue with significant socio-economic and health implications, often disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations. Discuss this statement in the Indian context, providing relevant examples.

Despite various initiatives, stubble burning remains a significant challenge for air quality in North India. Examine the reasons behind its persistence and suggest sustainable alternatives for crop residue management.