Environmental Geography — Policy Changes

Entry	Year	Description	Impact
42nd Amendment Act	1976	This landmark amendment introduced two crucial articles related to environmental protection into the Indian Constitution. Article 48A, a Directive Principle of State Policy, mandates the State to 'endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wild life of the country.' Article 51A(g), a Fundamental Duty, obligates every citizen 'to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures.'	The 42nd Amendment significantly strengthened the constitutional basis for environmental protection in India. It transformed environmental protection from a mere administrative concern into a constitutional imperative, placing a direct responsibility on both the state and its citizens. This paved the way for subsequent environmental legislation and judicial interpretations, making environmental protection a fundamental aspect of governance and public life. It underscores the state's commitment and citizens' duty towards ecological preservation.

Also build Paper II skills

Regional comparisons and process chains train the same coherence and inference habits CSAT passages demand. CSAT hub.

• Data interpretation
• Estimation techniques
• Logical deductions