Reflection and Refraction — Mains Questions

Discuss the principles of reflection and refraction of light, highlighting their distinct characteristics. Elaborate on how Total Internal Reflection (TIR) is a special case of refraction and its significant applications in modern technology.

Analyze the role of atmospheric refraction in various natural phenomena. How does this principle impact remote sensing and satellite-based observations?

Explain the phenomenon of dispersion of light by a prism. How does this principle contribute to the formation of a rainbow, and what are the key differences between primary and secondary rainbows?