Quantum Mechanics — Key Discoveries

Key Discoveries

Planck's Quantum Hypothesis

1900

Max Planck's revolutionary proposal that energy is not continuous but emitted and absorbed in discrete packets, or 'quanta,' to explain black-body radiation. This marked the…

Einstein's Explanation of the Photoelectric Effect

1905

Albert Einstein used Planck's quantum hypothesis to explain the photoelectric effect, proposing that light itself consists of discrete energy packets called photons. This provided…

de Broglie's Hypothesis of Matter Waves

1924

Louis de Broglie extended the concept of wave-particle duality to matter, proposing that all particles, including electrons, protons, and atoms, exhibit wave-like properties. He…

Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle

1927

Werner Heisenberg formulated the Uncertainty Principle, stating that it is impossible to simultaneously know with perfect precision certain pairs of physical properties of a…

Bell's Theorem and Experimental Verification of Entanglement

1964 (Bell's Theorem), 1982 (Aspect's Experiment), 2022 (Nobel Prize)

John Stewart Bell's theorem provided a mathematical framework to test whether the correlations observed in entangled particles could be explained by 'local hidden variables'…