Air Pollution — Mains Questions

Critically analyze the effectiveness of India's National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) in achieving its objectives. What are the major challenges in its implementation, and suggest measures for a more robust air quality management framework?

The Supreme Court has often invoked the 'Right to Life' (Article 21) to address environmental degradation, including air pollution. Discuss the significance of judicial activism in shaping India's environmental jurisprudence and policy, with specific reference to air quality.

Differentiate between classical smog and photochemical smog, highlighting their formation mechanisms, key components, and environmental impacts. What specific control measures are effective against each type of smog in the Indian context?