Genetics and Evolution — Mains Questions

Discuss the significance of genetic diversity for ecological stability and human well-being. What measures can be adopted in the Indian context to conserve and enhance genetic diversity?

Critically examine the ethical and regulatory challenges associated with genetic modification technologies, particularly in the context of India's agricultural and healthcare sectors. Suggest a balanced approach for their responsible deployment.

The 'Modern Synthesis' integrated Darwinian evolution with Mendelian genetics, providing a comprehensive framework for understanding evolutionary change. Elaborate on the key components of this synthesis and how it resolved earlier ambiguities in evolutionary theory.