Ethical Issues in Biotechnology — Prelims Strategy

Prelims Strategy

For Prelims, focus on factual accuracy and key distinctions. Memorize the core definitions of terms like germline editing, somatic gene therapy, biopiracy, and dual-use technology. Understand the primary ethical concern associated with each major biotechnological application (e.

g., embryo destruction for ESCs, corporate control for GMOs). Pay close attention to the names and purposes of international agreements (Cartagena Protocol, Nagoya Protocol, TRIPS, Doha Declaration) and their relevance to specific ethical issues.

For Indian context, recall the key provisions of the Biological Diversity Act 2002, Patents Act 1970 (especially Section 3(j)), and the ICMR-DBT Stem Cell Guidelines. Associate landmark case studies (Dolly, He Jiankui, Bt cotton) with their core ethical takeaway and UPSC relevance.

Practice MCQs that test conceptual understanding, definitions, and the correct pairing of ethical issues with technologies or legal frameworks. Vyyuha advises creating flashcards for quick recall of these specific facts and their associated ethical dimensions.