Carbon Capture and Storage — Prelims Strategy

Prelims Strategy

For Prelims, the strategy for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) should focus on factual accuracy and conceptual clarity. Aspirants must prioritize understanding the core definition of CCS and its three main stages: capture, transport, and storage.

Key capture technologies like post-combustion (e.g., amine scrubbing), pre-combustion, and oxy-fuel combustion should be differentiated based on their process, typical applications, and relative energy efficiency.

Specific project examples, both global (Sleipner, Petra Nova) and Indian (NTPC, ONGC initiatives), along with their operational details (e.g., start date, capacity, storage type), are high-yield areas.

Knowledge of different geological storage methods (saline aquifers, depleted oil/gas fields) and their relative capacities is essential. Important terms such as 'energy penalty,' 'carbon intensity,' 'blue hydrogen,' 'EOR,' and 'negative emissions technologies' (like DAC, BECCS) must be clearly understood.

Policy linkages, such as India's NDC commitments and the relevance of NAPCC, should be noted. Questions often test the 'what,' 'where,' and 'how' of CCS, including its TRLs. Focus on one-liner facts, potential benefits, and major criticisms.

Creating flashcards for key terms, project names, and their associated technologies will be highly beneficial for quick recall.