Science & Technology·Key Discoveries

Regulatory Framework — Key Discoveries

Constitution VerifiedUPSC Verified
Version 1Updated 10 Mar 2026

Key Discoveries

Vellore Citizens' Welfare Forum v. Union of India

1996

This landmark judgment by the Supreme Court of India firmly established the 'Precautionary Principle' and the 'Polluter Pays Principle' as integral parts of environmental law in…

M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (Oleum Gas Leak Case)

1986

This case introduced the principle of 'Absolute Liability' in India, stating that an enterprise engaged in a hazardous or inherently dangerous industry, which causes harm to…

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