Science & Technology·Key Discoveries

Research and Development — Key Discoveries

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Version 1Updated 10 Mar 2026

Key Discoveries

Novartis AG v. Union of India & Others

2013

While not directly about R&D funding or policy, this landmark Supreme Court judgment significantly impacted pharmaceutical R&D in India and globally, particularly concerning…

Monsanto Technology LLC v. Nuziveedu Seeds Ltd. & Ors.

2019

This Supreme Court judgment addressed the patentability of genetically modified (GM) seeds, specifically Monsanto's Bt cotton seeds. The court ruled that plant varieties and seeds…

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