CSIR and National Laboratories — Mains Questions

Critically analyze the role of CSIR and its national laboratories in fostering India's scientific temper and achieving technological self-reliance. Discuss the challenges it faces in the contemporary innovation ecosystem.

In the context of India's National Green Hydrogen Mission, evaluate the potential and contributions of CSIR and its laboratories. What policy measures can further enhance CSIR's impact in this critical area?

Discuss the evolution of CSIR's role from a primarily research-focused institution to a key player in India's innovation and startup ecosystem. Illustrate with recent examples of technology transfer and industry collaboration.