EWS Reservation — Amendments

Amendment	Year	Description	Impact
103rd Amendment	2019	Inserted Articles 15(6) and 16(6) to enable reservation for economically weaker sections in educational institutions and government employment respectively. The amendment introduced the first purely economic-based reservation system in India, providing up to 10% quota for EWS in addition to existing caste-based reservations.	Fundamentally altered India's reservation architecture by recognizing economic deprivation as an independent criterion for affirmative action. The amendment expanded the constitutional framework of social justice beyond traditional caste-based considerations, potentially influencing future reservation policies and creating new precedents for economic-based affirmative action globally.