Identifying Problems — Mains Strategy

Mains Strategy

The written tasks are reasoning practice for objective CSAT, not a descriptive Mains requirement. Begin with an observable problem statement and identify the standard against which the gap is measured. Then distinguish confirmed facts, possible causes and missing information. This structure keeps a plausible story from being mistaken for a demonstrated explanation.

Use the clinic example to show why measurement choices matter: the count of missed appointments rises while the rate falls. Explain which measure is relevant to the question being asked, such as unused appointment slots versus attendance compliance. Do not declare one measure universally superior when the operational objectives differ.

For a process example, map submission through payment and locate the observed backlog before proposing a remedy. For a causal example, name a comparison that would help distinguish transport disruption from a school-wide cause, while acknowledging remaining confounding. A useful conclusion states the next investigation or proportionate protective action rather than claiming a complete diagnosis from incomplete evidence.