Indian & World Geography·Key Cases & Reports
Environmental Degradation — Key Cases & Reports
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Version 1Updated 7 Mar 2026
Key Cases & Reports
M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (Ganga Pollution Case)
1987This landmark case highlighted the Supreme Court's proactive role in environmental protection. The Court issued extensive directions to municipal authorities and industries to…
Vellore Citizens' Welfare Forum v. Union of India
1996This case dealt with severe pollution caused by tanneries in Tamil Nadu, leading to groundwater contamination. The Supreme Court explicitly recognized and applied the 'Sustainable…
Subhash Kumar v. State of Bihar
1991In this case, the Supreme Court held that the right to life under Article 21 of the Constitution includes the right to the enjoyment of pollution-free water and air. This judgment…